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4xx Series
Safe to retry
429 Too Many Requests
The user has sent too many requests in a given amount of time. Intended for use with rate-limiting schemes.
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SEO Impact
Can be negative if Googlebot hits crawl limits. Use the Retry-After header so Googlebot knows exactly when to come back.
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Common Causes
- 1API rate limiting (RateLimit-Limit headers)
- 2DDoS mitigation active
- 3Aggressive web scraping
Code Examples
Node.js (Express)
res.status(429).send('Rate limit exceeded');